Day: November 1, 2026

The last Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed VI (Vahideddin), departing from the back door of the Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul on 17 November 1922, shortly after the Ottoman Sultanate was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 1 November 1922…

The Ottoman Sultanate was abolished on 1 November 1922 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. This brought an end to centuries of Ottoman rule.

This happened after the Turkish nationalist army, led by Mustafa Kemal, won the War of Independence against the occupying foreign forces. After their victory, an armistice was signed at Mudanya on 11 October 1922. This brought an end to the fighting and opened the way for peace talks.

The Allied Powers suggested that a peace conference should be held at Lausanne. They invited both the Istanbul and Ankara governments on 27 October 1922. This created a problem because it raised the question of which government had the right to represent Turkey.

At that time, the Istanbul government was still led by Sultan Vahideddin, and Tevfik Paşa was the Grand Vizier. However, the national government in Ankara had gained a lot of support during the War of Independence. Mustafa Kemal believed that there should be only one government to represent Turkey.

Kemal discussed this issue in a cabinet meeting on 31 October. He said that the only solution was to abolish the Sultanate and the Istanbul government. No one disagreed with his suggestion.

On 1 November 1922, the Grand National Assembly passed a law abolishing the Sultanate. It also separated the Sultanate from the Caliphate. The Caliphate was allowed to continue as a religious position. The Caliph would be selected by the Grand National Assembly.

After this decision, the Istanbul government lost its legal authority. Tevfik Paşa’s cabinet resigned on 4 November, and the Istanbul government came to an end. On 16 November, Sultan Vahideddin left Istanbul on a British warship and went into exile. This meant that the political power of the Ottoman Sultans came to an end. The Grand National Assembly became the main governing body of Turkey.

#archaeohistories

— @histories_arch Nov 1, 2026

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Writer: Marie  x.com/AlinejadMasih/status/2…
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